Technologies - Technologies

Articles

• Council Directive 2004/82/EC of 29 April 2004 on the obligation of carriers to communicate passenger data

  7 February 2005, by European Council
  In order to combat illegal immigration effectively and to improve border control, it is essential that all Member States introduce provisions laying down obligations on air carriers transporting passengers into the territory of the Member States. In addition, in order to ensure the greater effectiveness of this objective, the financial penalties currently provided for by the Member States for cases where carriers fail to meet their obligations should be harmonised to the extent possible, taking into account the differences in legal systems and practices between the Member States.

• Development of the Schengen Information System II and possible synergies with a future Visa Information System (VIS)

  7 February 2005, by European Commission
  The objective of this Communication is to present to the Council and the European Parliament the second generation Schengen Information System (SIS II) progress report for the activities carried out in the first half of 2003 and future schedule.

• Council Conclusions on SIS II 2004

  7 February 2005, by European Council
  The second generation of the Schengen Information System (SIS II) shall comprise the following functional requirements: (1) the functions offered by the current SIS; (2) the functions set out in the Council Regulation concerning the introduction of some new functions for the Schengen Information System, including in the fight against terrorism1 and the draft Council Decision on the same subject; (3) the functions described in chapter II.1(b) of the Council conclusions of 5-6 June concerning SIS II, set out in document 9808/03 SIRIS 47 CATS 34 ASIM 31 COMIX 330, with the additional specifications set out below.

• Council Conclusions on SIS II 2003

  7 February 2005, by European Council
  With a view to ensuring that the second generation of the SIS is operational by 2006, to allow for additional Member States to participate to the SIS as well as to enhance the use, functionalities and the technical capacities of this system, the call for tenders for developing SIS II needs to be started in autumn 2003.

• Nouvelles menaces, nouvelles réponses

  31 January 2005, by Alliot-Marie Michèle
  La France, comme l’ensemble de ses partenaires européens et alliés, doit aujourd’hui faire face à des menaces particulièrement complexes et diffuses : le terrorisme, la prolifération des armes de destruction massive, la multiplication des crises régionales. Elles pèsent autant sur la stabilité internationale et sur la sécurité des populations. Au quotidien, dans les situations les plus diverses, sur tous les continents, les hommes et les moyens de la Défense nationale sont mobilisés pour prévenir et contrer ces risques.

• Vitesse et politique

  29 December 2004, by Virilio Paul
  In this major book for our work, Paul Virilio argues for the necessity to integrate the notion of speed in social sciences analysis. He point out this necessity in relation to the development of new technologies which transform our relation to space and time.

• Qu’est ce que le virtuel

  29 December 2004, by Lévy Pierre
  Un mouvement général de virtualisation affecte aujourd’hui non seulement l’information et la communication mais aussi bien les corps, le fonctionnement économique, les cadres collectifs de la sensibilité ou l’exercice de l’intelligence. La virtualisation atteint même les modalités de l’être ensemble, la constitution du "nous" : communautés virtuelles, entreprises virtuelles, démocratie virtuelle... Quoique la numérisation des messages et l’extension du cyberespace jouent un rôle capital dans la mutation en cours, il s’agit d’une vague de fond qui déborde amplement l’informatisation.

• Le cyberespace, figure de l’utopie technologique réticulaire

  29 December 2004, by Musso Pierre
  Avec le cyberespace (ou cyberspace), double contemporain d’Internet, triomphe l’image d’un réseau universel connectant tous les individus à l’échelle planétaire et constituant une sorte de « cerveau planétaire », comme le nomme Joël de Rosnay, producteur d’une « intelligence collective », selon la formule de Pierre Lévy. Ce que la science-fiction a imaginé semblerait se réaliser avec Internet, réseau de réseaux, porteur de toutes les mythologies contemporaines. La société elle-même serait désormais « société en réseaux », nous dit Manuel Castells.

• La société en réseaux

  28 December 2004, by Castells Manuel
  Manuel Castells’s founding books are not central in our problematique apart from the fact that Castell is the first one to conceptualise the notion of networked/information societies. In that sense, much of the literature is inspired by Castells work. Manuel Castells veut expliquer, comme l’avait fait Karl Marx pour le XlXe siècle, ce qu’est devenue la société, dans un ouvrage monumental en trois tomes, dont le premier analyse le réseautage de la société, et les deux autres la question de l’identité, puis celle de l’État.

• Surveillance Society: Motering Everyday Life

  24 December 2004, by Lyon David
  In this book, David Lyon tries to develop the idea of Information Societies as Surveillance Societies. He has interesting elements on the role, functions and logics of data-basis that can be read in parallel of Mark Poster’s work.

• The Surveillance Industrial Complex : How the American Government is Conscripting Businesses and Individuals in the Construction of a Surveillance Society

  14 December 2004, by American Civil Liberties Union
  Acting under the broad mandate of the «war» on terrorism, the U.S. security establishment is making a systematic effort to extend its surveillance capacity by pressing the private sector into service to report on the activities of Americans. These efforts, which are often costly to private businesses, run the gamut from old-fashioned efforts to recruit individuals as eyes and ears for the authorities, to the construction of vast computerized networks that automatically feed the government a steady stream of information about our activities.

• Securitization, Technology and the Transformation of Warfare

  30 November 2004, by Waever Ole
  To map state of the art research on the changing relationship between new security challenges and the way new technologies transform the practice of war in the context of the evolving European security identity, as a basis for articulating the European self-understanding towards the rest of the world.

• Report of the Interception of Communications Commissioner for 2002

  8 November 2004, by Swinton Thomas
  I have been very impressed by the quality, dedication and enthusiasm of the personnel carrying out this work on behalf of the government and the people of the United Kingdom. They show that they have a detailed understanding of the legislation and strive assiduously to comply with the statutory criteria and, in my view, there is very little, if any, danger that an application which is defective in substance will be placed before the Secretary of State. Where errors have occurred, which I refer to below (and in detail in the Confidential Annex) these have been errors of detail and not of substance.

• Annual Report of the Interception of Communications Commissioner for 2001

  8 November 2004, by Swinton Thomas
  As in the past, the Annex to this Report contains a summary of the numbers of warrants in force at the end of 2001 and those issued throughout the course of the year by the Home Secretary and the Scottish First Minister. The great majority of warrants issued in England and Wales and Scotland remain related to the prevention and detection of serious crime.

• Political agreement on biometric passports

  28 October 2004, by Agence Europe
  On Tuesday, the Justice and Home Affairs Council reached political agreement on the inclusion of biometric data in European passports- a facial image and digital fingerprints. A photograph stored on a chip will be added to passports in 18 months after the detailed adoption of specific technical elements, and the fingerprints within 36 months.

• Liberty and Security from a Transatlantic Perspective

  19 October 2004, by Challenge
  CHALLENGE Related Meeting : Liberty and Security from a Transatlantic Perspective

• ELISE Declaration : The Aftermath of 11 March in Madrid

  5 October 2004, by Elise Consortium
  The ELISE network strongly condemns the events of 11 March in Madrid, which have cost so many lives and sorrow for all. Such violence has become all too familiar. Nevertheless, we do not believe that we can be complacent in our reliance on familiar accounts of why such violence occurs or on the responses that are deemed to be appropriate. We believe it is necessary to assess broader patterns of change in order to provide a better understanding of the issues at stake. In particular, it is important to analyse in detail the roots of transnational political violence by clandestine organisations and the development of strategies of mass murder.

• COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 871/2004 of 29 April 2004 concerning the introduction of some new functions for the Schengen Information System, including in the fight against terrorism

  29 April 2004, by European Council
  The Schengen Information System, hereinafter referred to as ‘SIS’, set up pursuant to the provisions of Title IV of the Convention of 1990 implementing the Schengen Agreement of 14 June 1985 on the gradual abolition of checks at common borders, hereinafter referred to as ‘the 1990 Schengen Convention’, constitutes an essential tool for the application of the provisions of the Schengen acquis as integrated into the framework of the European Union.

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