Biometry - Biométrie

Articles

• Liberty and security, striking the right balance

  26 September 2005, by European Presidency
  This paper provides the UK Presidency rationale for the retention of telecom data for periods over 6 months for the most serious of crimes. This is justified on the basis of UK and Irish practice. The paper stresses that older data is needed for effective investigations; that requests for data must be proportionate;that costs are not excessive for telephony providers; and that data must be stroed securely. Access is governed by national law in line with the Framework Decision which permits police and public authority access for the invesitgation, detection and prosecution of crime.The UK Presidency welcomes the Commission’s intentions on data later in 2005.

• La reconnaissance du contour de la main : une technique biométrique qui ne laisse pas de traces

  12 September 2005, by Commission nationale de l’informatique et des libertés
  La CNIL vient d’autoriser plusieurs dispositifs reposant sur l’utilisation de la technique biométrique de reconnaissance du contour de la main pour des usages variés : entrée dans des locaux sécurisés, accès à une cantine scolaire mais aussi contrôle des horaires des employés d’une mairie. Dans tous ces cas elle a considéré que dans la mesure où le dispositif recourt à une biométrie qui ne laisse pas de traces, ce qui est le cas de la reconnaissance du contour de la main, il ne pose pas de difficultés au regard de la loi informatique et libertés.

• Données biométriques : le projet INES de carte d’identité électronique

  29 August 2005, by Galligo Dinah
  Le projet de carte d’Identité Nationale Electronique Sécurisée (INES) a suscité de nombreuses réactions d’associations face à la menace que représente l’utilisation de données biométriques pour les titres d’identité. Le Forum des droits de l’internet a organisé pendant quatre mois un débat public sur ce projet : plus de 3000 contributions ont été recueillies sur le site du Forum et plus de 600 personnes ont participé aux 6 débats en régions.

• Rapport d’information sur la nouvelle génération de documents d’identité et la fraude documentaire

  29 August 2005, by Lecerf Jean-René
  La commission des lois du Sénat a constitué en son sein une mission d’information sur la nouvelle génération de documents d’identité et la fraude documentaire. La mission s’est efforcée d’évaluer la fraude à l’identité. Ce type de fraude est en effet l’un des principaux supports de la criminalité organisée et s’avère en pleine expansion. A l’heure où le gouvernement met au point le projet d’Identité nationale électronique sécurisée (INES), la mission formule de nombreuses recommandations qui s’articulent autour des quatre axes suivants : l’état de la fraude documentaire et les suggestions pour la réduire ; les différents systèmes biométriques, leurs forces et leurs faiblesses ; les fonctions d’authentification à distance et de signature électronique de la carte d’identité ; la protection des libertés individuelles et le respect de la vie privée.

• Annual Report Dutch Data Protection Authority

  29 augustus 2005, door Dutch Data Protection Authority
  In the annual report on 2004, the Dutch Data Protection Authority strongly opposes the wide spread opinion that the protection of privacy would prevent an effective fight against terrorism, fraud or prevention of other criminal facts. The protection of personal data is one of the cornerstones of a free, democratic, and safe society, according to mr. Kohnstamm who is the chairman of the Data Protection Authority since September 2004.

• Biometrics and the Threat to Civil Liberties

  2 August 2005, by Johnson Margaret L.
  Biometric systems fall into two distinct categories: authentication and identification. Authentication requires the subject to present some data, e.g. and ID card plus a fingerprint. Identification requires the provision of biometric data to be matched with a record already held on the system.

• On biometrics-based authentication and identification from a privacy-protection perspective: deriving privacy-enhancing requirements

  2 August 2005, by Donos P., Zorkadis Vasilios
  Biometric techniques, such as fingerprint verification, iris or face recognition, retina analysis and hand-written signature verification, are increasingly becoming basic elements of authentication and identification systems. However, any human physiological or behavioural traits serving as biometric characteristics are personal data protected by privacy protection legislation. To address related issues, this paper examines these classes of biometrics according to data protection principles, purpose, proportionality and security, provided in international legislation. This analysis leads to the desired properties of biometric systems in the form of functional and non-functional requirements, in order to support developers minimising the risk of being non-compliant to privacy protection legislation, and to increase user acceptance.

• Data surveillance and border control in the EU: Balancing efficiency and legal protection of third country nationals

  14 June 2005, by Brouwer Evelien
  Different mechanisms of data sharing and data collection have been developed with the purpose of controlling immigration and safeguarding security, such as Eurodac and Europol. At the EU level, different proposals are being negotiated on the extended use of the SIS, the establishment of a new Visa Information System, the use and storage of biometrical data, and the possibility to interconnect the different EU databases. In the light of these developments, two questions are becoming more and more important. Firstly, how do the EU policy makers, drafting these plans, assess the efficiency and added value of these data surveillance mechanisms? Secondly, is the legal protection of individuals stored into these database sufficiently taken into account in the decision making process?

• Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés : audition du 11 mars 2005

  29 April 2005, by Bigo Didier
  Du point de vue de la perspective historique, on relève des flux et reflux quant à la volonté d’identifier, en fonction du contexte social et politique. Les deux évolutions peuvent d’ailleurs être simultanées. Mais les reflux ont uniquement lieu en période de mouvements populaires de résistance ou de promotion du droit comme limite aux pouvoirs de l’Etat ; ils ne viennent pas de la bonne volonté de l’Etat. Quant aux flux, ils sont très liés à la volonté classificatoire, à la volonté de savoir pour prédire l’avenir, de « savoir sans limite ». Chaque bureaucratie a toujours l’impression de ne pas savoir assez par rapport à ce qu’on lui demande.

• Lodge Juliet : curriculum vitae

  28 April 2005, by Lodge Juliet
  Juliet Lodge is Director of the Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence, Institute for Communication Studies, University of Leeds, UK where she is Professor of European Union politics and European Integration. European Woman of Europe 1992, her research focuses on issues of transparency and accountability in territorial and non-territorial space.

• Gov’t Tests Placing Monitoring Bracelets on Immigrants

  9 March 2005, by Democracynow
  National Public Radio is reporting that the Department of Homeland Security has placed electronic monitoring bracelets on the ankles of 1,700 immigrants as part of an experimental programs that allows the government to track them 24 hours a day.

• Council regulation on biometric passports: what are the questions we need to ask?

  28 February 2005, by Ranalli Simona
  The European Council adopted on December 13, 2004 a regulation on standards for security features and biometrics in passports and travel documents issued by Member States. The regulation has been published on the Official Journal of the European Union on December 29, 2004 and has entered into force 20 days after its publication. The questions we need to ask are: do the risks of infringing established civil liberties of EU citizens outweigh the possible benefits of such a measure? Are the initiatives to be taken proportional to the intended objective?

• RÈGLEMENT (CE) No 407/2002 DU CONSEIL du 28 février 2002 fixant certaines modalités d’application du règlement (CE) no 2725/2000 concernant la création du système «Eurodac» pour la comparaison des empreintes digitales aux fins de l’application efficace de la convention de Dublin

  15 February 2005, by European Council
  La numérisation des empreintes digitales et leur transmission s’effectuent dans le format de données visé à l’annexe I. Dans la mesure où cela est nécessaire au bon fonctionnement de l’unité centrale, celle-ci fixe les exigences techniques à la transmission du format des données par les États membres à l’unité centrale et inversement. L’unité centrale s’assure que les données dactyloscopiques transmises par les États membres se prêtent à une comparaison dans le système informatisé de reconnaissance des empreintes digitales.

• COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 2252/2004 of 13 December 2004 on standards for security features and biometrics in passports and travel documents issued by Member States

  8 February 2005, by European Council
  The European Council of Thessaloniki, on 19 and 20 June 2003, confirmed that a coherent approach is needed in the European Union on biometric identifiers or biometric data for documents for third country nationals, European Union citizens’ passports and information systems (VIS and SIS II). Minimum security standards for passports were introduced by a Resolution of the representatives of the Governments of the Member States, meeting within the Council, on 17 October 2000.

• Council Directive 2004/82/EC of 29 April 2004 on the obligation of carriers to communicate passenger data

  7 February 2005, by European Council
  In order to combat illegal immigration effectively and to improve border control, it is essential that all Member States introduce provisions laying down obligations on air carriers transporting passengers into the territory of the Member States. In addition, in order to ensure the greater effectiveness of this objective, the financial penalties currently provided for by the Member States for cases where carriers fail to meet their obligations should be harmonised to the extent possible, taking into account the differences in legal systems and practices between the Member States.

• Development of the Schengen Information System II and possible synergies with a future Visa Information System (VIS)

  7 February 2005, by European Commission
  The objective of this Communication is to present to the Council and the European Parliament the second generation Schengen Information System (SIS II) progress report for the activities carried out in the first half of 2003 and future schedule.

• Council Conclusions on SIS II 2004

  7 February 2005, by European Council
  The second generation of the Schengen Information System (SIS II) shall comprise the following functional requirements: (1) the functions offered by the current SIS; (2) the functions set out in the Council Regulation concerning the introduction of some new functions for the Schengen Information System, including in the fight against terrorism1 and the draft Council Decision on the same subject; (3) the functions described in chapter II.1(b) of the Council conclusions of 5-6 June concerning SIS II, set out in document 9808/03 SIRIS 47 CATS 34 ASIM 31 COMIX 330, with the additional specifications set out below.

• Council Conclusions on SIS II 2003

  7 February 2005, by European Council
  With a view to ensuring that the second generation of the SIS is operational by 2006, to allow for additional Member States to participate to the SIS as well as to enhance the use, functionalities and the technical capacities of this system, the call for tenders for developing SIS II needs to be started in autumn 2003.

• ILPA Response to the Hague Programme : EU Immigration and Asylum Law and Policy

  20 December 2004, by ILPA
  At the outset, it is important to point out that some general issues have been left out of the Hague Programme altogether. There is no reference to the importance of legal aid to ensure effective access to administrative and court proceedings for immigration and asylum cases, including relevant data protection disputes, or to sufficient funding for data protection authorities. Extensive harmonisation of national law and the creation of multiple interoperable data systems at EU level must be accompanied by an EU budget contribution toward legal aid in the Member States and further support for data protection authorities, in order to ensure that individual rights are protected effectively against disproportionate measures concerned with security and control.

• Principaux résultats du Conseil JAI des 25-26 octobre 2004

  9 November 2004, by European Council
  Principaux résultats du Conseil Justice et Affaires Intérieures Luxembourg des 25-26 octobre 2004

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