WP 13 : The relationship between national, European and international law with respect to European borders; the security implications of this relationship; the specific effects of agreements on freedom of movement of goods, capital, services and persons

Articles

• European Vessels, African Territorial Waters and ‘Illegal Emigrants’: The Right to Leave and the Principle of (Il)legality in a Global Regime of Mobility

  30 December 2008, by Cornelisse Galina
  Analyses of the legal challenges posed by the interception of migrants, be it in the territorial waters of sending states or the high seas, have predominantly focused on the rights of refugees and non-refoulement. However, a focus on the wider implications of this specific form of externalisation and the international legal framework in which it takes place is much called for. In order to evaluate the remarkable discursive shift from illegal immigration to illegal migration in European policies, an overview of the legal norms regulating international movement is indispensable.

• German Federal Constitutional Court : Judgment 7 May 2008 (2 BvE 1/03)

  20 May 2008, by Besselink Leonard F. M.
  The deployment of German soldiers in AWACS aircraft above Turkey in the war against Iraq in spring 2003, required the consent of the Bundestag (the German Federal Parliament).

• The Other Side of Moon - The Schengen Information System and Human Rights: A Task for National Courts

  16 April 2008, by Brouwer Evelien
  The European Commission’s proposals for a European Border Management Strategy are based on an almost blind faith in the use of large-scale databases, identification measures and biometrics for immigration and border control purposes. Yet these measures entail a risk to the protection of not only the right to privacy and the right to data protection, but also to the freedom of movement and the principle of non-discrimination.

• Opinion AG in the case Heinz Huber v. Germany, C-524/06 of 3 April 2008

  7 April 2008, by Maduro Poiares
  Storage of data on EU citizens in the German central register on foreigners («AZR») incompatible with the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality in so far as it includes data beyond those specified in Article 8(3) of Directive 2004/38/EC and incompatible with the requirement of necessity under Article 7 (e) EC Directive 95/46 on data protection.

• European Integration and Immigration by Third-Country Nationals: The Obduracy of the National Border

  17 December 2007, by Cornelisse Galina
  For the early French Revolutionaries, the concept of the nation did not serve as a vehicle for territorial states’ exclusionist practices. Neither did they conceive of national identity primarily as a criterion by which to distinguish between «us» and «them». For them, the concept of the nation gave expression to the radical idea of an inclusive political community based the concept of popular sovereignty, equality and unalienable rights. However, the territoriality of global political organisation led to a different role for nationalism on the global political stage than which could have been foreseen by the early Revolutionaries. Contemporary nationalism is defined by the very distinction between «us» and «them» and its original promise of individual rights and freedoms often seems to be in direct contradiction with everyday reality.

• Comments Standing Committee on the use of Eurodac

  12 December 2007, by Standing Committee
  The Standing Committtee for Experts on international immigration, refugee and criminal law was invited for the hearing of the European Commission of 8 October 2007 on plans to give access for law enforcement authorities to Eurodac data. At this hearing of 8 October, the Standing Committee considered it necessary to send an extensive additional letter to the Commission, attached to this mail. Their first comments are attached as well.

• Expulsion and integration: Erecting Internal Borders within the Kingdom of the Netherlands

  12 September 2006, by Besselink Leonard F. M.
  The Dutch government has been developing a policy of integration measures under the Dutch word inburgering. This choice of word relates the issue to citizenship. The policy began in the 1990s as a socio-educational measure, particularly providing courses to members of ethnic minorities. In the course of the last years, the measures have changed nature.

• De Binnengrenzen van het Koninkrijk, Of: Het voorontwerp ‘Verbanning en Inburgering’

  29 May 2006, by Besselink Leonard F. M.
  Op 30 januari heeft de minister voor Vreemdelingenzaken en Integratie een voorontwerp (met memorie van toelichting) gepubliceerd van een Wet houdende aanvullende maatregelen inzake het verblijf in Nederland van Antilliaanse en Arubaanse risicojongeren en inzake inburgering van Antilliaanse en Arubaanse Nederlanders. Inmiddels is dit voorstel voor advisering door de ministerraad naar de Raad van State gezonden. Dit is de voorlopige uitkristallisering van een reeks nogal problematische voorstellen met betrekking tot een inburgeringsplicht voor buiten het land Nederland geboren Nederlanders die zich in Nederland willen vestigen.

• Round Table: Trends and Developments in European Union External Border Control

  9 May 2006, by Challenge, Tekofsky Aliza
  In the field of European external border control new laws and institutions are be- ing planned and implemented with constant fervor. The purpose of this Round Table is to discuss the recent trends and developments both on an institutional and substantive level.

• Security in European Union External Border Law

  28 February 2006, by Tekofsky Aliza
  Safeguarding the security of its citizens is one of the essential tasks of a state. Border control with its real and perceived security function is therefore of great material and symbolic importance. Developments in European Union law, notably the Schengen interpretation of the internal market as an area without internal frontiers, have introduced a logic that renders some form of European Union external border policy indispensable. As a result, this traditional domaine r’eserv’e is turning into a domaine partag’e, a field of shared competence. Although international obligations, practical limitations and globalization processes diminish the effective meaning of autonomous state power, formal and fundamental shifts in competence such as these are still of great significance.

• Inburgering, gelijke behandeling en verblijfsrecht van vreemdelingen in Nederland

  20 juni 2005, door Besselink Leonard F. M.
  Deze notitie bevat enige opmerkingen die behulpzaam kunnen zijn bij het beantwoorden van een aantal vragen die gesteld zijn in verband met de juridische houdbaarheid van voorstellen tot uitbreiding en aanscherping van de inburgeringsplicht voor buiten de EU/EER (in Europa) geboren personen, neergelegd in de zogenoemde contourennota ‘Herziening van het inburgeringsstelsel’, dat namens het kabinet door de minister voor Vreemdelingenzaken en Integratie op 23 april 2004 aan de Tweede Kamer is aangeboden (verder te noemen: de Contourennota).

• Integration, equal treatment and the right of abode of aliens in the Netherlands

  20 June 2005, by Besselink Leonard F. M.
  This report was written for the Adviescommissie Vreemdelingenzaken (Advisory Committee on Aliens’ Affairs), an official advisory body to the government and parliament of the Netherlands, in preparation for an official advisory opinion of this Committee. The report considered proposals put forward in May 2004 by the Dutch Government to subject persons, irrespective of their nationality, who come from abroad to reside in the Netherlands, who are born outside the European territory of the European Union and European Economic Area, and who do not have an adequate knowledge of the Dutch language and Dutch society to the requirement of passing a test on pain of an administrative sanction which exists either in not awarding a permanent title of residence or in a fine.

• The relation between national, European and international law with respect to European borders; the security implications of this relationship; the specific effects of agreements on freedom of movement of goods, capital, services and persons

  30 November 2004, by Besselink Leonard F. M.
  This package aims at an input of the securitization debate in legal circles and from legal studies into political and social science. It intends to clarify the shifts in governance in security issues at the physical borders of political society in Europe. Main results shall consist of interim reports relating to the various issues summed up, and a final report in book form with the analytical issues, their results, final conclusions and recommendations.