WP 9 : Exceptionalism and its impact on the Euro-Mediterranean relations

This section's articles

• Report of International Conference Exceptionalism and Human Rights

  27 February 2007, by Observatorio del sistema Penal y los Derechos Humanos
  The main objective of the Conference was to analyze, inform and discuss with the scientific community, students and society, some specific subjects related with the current problems caused by the relationship between liberty and security, specially the links between exceptionalism and globalization, migration, antiterrorism, deprivation of liberty, torture, etc…

• «On Regulations against Incivilities»

  29 May 2006, by Université Autonoma de Barcelona
  A number of recent criminologies have given particular influence to the control of urban disturbances, in Europe and in all Western big cities. Barcelona is a particular case of it, trough a municipal bylaw which came into effect on last January. This by law is responsible to introduce exceptionalist practices as a way to react against incivilities as emergencies.

• The War on Terror. The Spanish Case

  24 May 2006, by Fernández Bessa Cristina, Ortuño Aix José María
  The terrorist attacks in Madrid M-11 did not demand the production of fresh exceptional laws, since a whole exceptionalist framework was already designed and well developed to face the activities of armed groups, and particularly those of the Basque independentist ETA. We approach to Spanish exceptionalism from the view of the legal perspecetive called Criminal Law of the Enemy (also called Criminal Law of Police) developed by German legal scholar, G. Jakobs. The antiterrorist policies implemented after Madrid bombings have fitted well that legal perspective and have meant a wider criminalization of Muslim migrants and in general the view society have of Islam.

• Migration, asylum and Security: The Case of Ceuta and Melilla

  24 May 2006, by Ortuño Aix José María
  The images of tons of people climbing up barbed wire fences over 3 meters high, using rudimentary stairs made by themselves, appeared in all the news during several days. Those images were used by the conservative media and by the main opposition party in Spain to create an atmosphere of extreme social tension. They tried to explain those events just from a domestic point of view, as if they were the consequence of the immigration policy implemented by the Government in 2005, and also of the improvement of relations between Spain and Marocco being exploited by the latter to get control of the Spanish enclaves in North Africa.

• Spanish Immigration Policies and Legislative Evolution in that Field as a New Exceptional Framework

  24 May 2006, by Fernández Bessa Cristina, Ortuño Aix José María
  While laws of immigration in Spain have intended officially to guarantee the rights and liberties of the immigrants and to provide their social integration, as their titles always assure, they have served, in practice, for just the opposite, for the legal and social construction of irregular immigrant to whom the recognition of rights is notably shrinked and who is forced to live in social marginalization, turned into a non-person.

• Exceptionalism and its impact on the Euro-Mediterranean Relations

  30 November 2004, by Bergalli Roberto
  The main objective of this workpackage will be to analyse the impact what exceptional policies have upon liberties and security of European citizens. The goal of this project is to underpin to what extent European States (EU 25) are breaking citizen liberties and security when using emergency policies. This phenomenon has dramatically increased since 11th of September 2001. After this date, we have seen a drastic hardening of the legislation against irregular immigrants, and also that related to international and domestic terrorism, as we can see how the Spanish, the Italian an other Mediterranean countries have enhanced their criminal legislation.